We have identified you may not be viewing TRAVAX optimally because the browser you are using is unsupported - click here.

placeholder="Enter search term...">
Suitcase

International Measures to Stop Spread of Wild Poliovirus (Update 7)

31 May 2016

The 9th meeting of the Emergency Committee under the International Health Regulations (IHR) (2015) regarding the international spread of wild poliovirus in 2014-2015 was convened by the WHO Director General on 12 May 2016.

As with the eighth meeting, the Emergency Committee reviewed the data on circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV) as well as circulating wild poliovirus. It was noted that any further spread of type 2 cVDPVs is a public health emergency following the globally synchronized withdrawal of type 2 OPV completed 1st May 2016.

The Committee noted that the international spread of wild poliovirus continues and that there were two new documented exportations from Pakistan into Afghanistan during October 2015 and February 2016. These cases occurred in Nangarhar and Kunar Provinces, in the eastern region, adjoining the Pakistan border.

The Committee agreed that the situation still constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) and recommended the extension of the Temporary Recommendations for a further three months to the following countries:

Countries currently exporting wild poliovirus (WPV) or cVDPV:

  • Afghanistan (last exportation WPV 6 June 2015).
  • Pakistan (last exportation WPV 3 February 2016).

Countries infected with wild poliovirus or cVDPV detected in the last 6 months but not currently exporting:

  • Guinea (cVDPV2)
  • Laos People's Democratic Republic (cVDPV1)
  • Madagascar (cVDPV1)
  • Myanmar (cVDPV2)
  • Nigeria (cVDPV2)
  • Ukraine (cVDPV1)

In addition, all travellers to Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea and Somalia should ensure they have had a full primary course of poliomyelitis vaccine and be offered a booster if it has been more than 10 years since their last dose.

(these countries are no longer infected with wild poliovirus or cVDPV but remain vulnerable to international spread or to the emergence and circulation of cVDPV)

Advice for Travellers

Travellers should be encouraged to take strict precautions with food, water and personal hygiene.

In addition, in order to comply with the WHO and ECDC recommendations and also to avoid travellers being vaccinated in the polio-infected country, authorities in the UK have made the following vaccination recommendations.

In Scotland, Health Protection Scotland (HPS) advise:

  • Travellers should receive a booster dose of a polio-containing vaccine if they have not had one in the past 12 months and are visiting one of the polio-infected or exporting countries (listed above) for longer than 4 weeks (this advice supersedes the current advice in the Green Book).
  • Travellers should acquire this additional dose within 12 months of the date they plan to leave the polio-infected country.
  • Travellers visiting one of these countries for less than 4 weeks should ensure they are up-to-date with routine polio vaccination, including 10 yearly boosters.
  • Travellers should carry proof of vaccination. In particular, for Pakistan and Afghanistan, this should be documented on the standard International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis (ICVP). The ICVP is the 'Yellow Card' normally used for yellow fever vaccination.
  • In Scotland, paper ICVP’s can be obtained from HPS by contacting TRAVAX administration, email your FULL NAME and FULL POSTAL ADDRESS to: NSS.HPSTravax@nhs.net electronic copies can be downloaded from WHO

In England, Public Health England and NaTHNaC have issued advice which is different to that in Scotland (please look at Travel Health Pro Clinical updates for full details).